Mots-clés
natural landscapes / conservation of cultural landscapes / natural heritage / cultural heritage / cultural significance / national listing / criteria / local communities / values / methodology / indigenous peoples / cultural landscapes / management / legal protection / interpretation / culture and nature / evaluations / mixed properties
Monuments et sites
National Register of Historic Places, USA
National Historic Preservation Act, USA
Antiquities Act, USA
Résumé en anglais
PART 1. ADOPTING A LANDSCAPE APPROACH - Taking a Landscape Approach to Integrating Nature and Culture ///
The American West is filled with beautiful, vast, environmentally diverse landscapes. Whilemost Americans consider these to be natural landscapes, in reality, for many indigenous tribes, these are also cultural landscapes that hold their sacred places, points of origin, and traditional use and subsistence areas. These places are evaluated for their significance through the criteria established for the National Register of Historic Places, which is a Euro-American lens. However, this evaluation criterion does not mesh well with large indigenous landscapes that may or may not contain archaeological sites and/or features. Washington State has listed naturalfeatures on the National Register of Historic Places such as Snoqualmie Falls, Mt. St. Helens and Tamanowas Rock. However, with the current Administration’s emphasis on economic development and resource extraction the concept of landscapes as historic properties has come under intensified scrutiny. The potential listing of Chu’it’nu in Alaska, which is described as a 153 square mile living traditional cultural landscape, has the Administration questioning the validity of traditional cultural places as historic properties. This paper looks at the current state of cultural landscapes in the American West, explores enhanced methods of evaluating the significance of landscape level properties and approaches for protecting these types of resources.