Titre de conférence
ICOMOS 13th General Assembly: Strategies for the World’s Cultural Heritage - Preservation in a Globalised World - Principles, Practices, Perspectives
Résumé en anglais
In the study of the spatial structure of historic towns and their protection many important and useful motives have been disclosed by the development of the social sciences. A very powerful, though not generally acknowledged incentive came from social ecology, a young, interdisciplinary branch, which applies results of geographical, psychological and sociological research in the studies on the natural environment of human life, including urban space. In Poland this trend was initiated by Florian Znaniecki’s texts: “Miastow oewiadomooeci jego obywateli” [The town in the consciousness of its citizens], published in 1931, and “Socjologiczne podstawy ekologii ludzkiej” [Sociological foundations of human ecology] , published in 1938. Both of these texts, fundamental for their own discipline, proved equally important for urban structure studies. They drew researchers’ attention to the extensive semantic potential of the town, to urban space viewed as a specific ‘spatial value’,to the rich and varied meaning that can be attached to a fragment of urban space by its users; to values created byinhabitants, termed ‘the humanistic factor’. It was not a coincidence that Znaniecki’s works appeared in the 1930s, when the social problems in the city were widely discussed. They voiced a reaction against the pathologies of the industrial era and public concern about the ‘social collapse’ connected with over-investment and the uncontrolled urban growth.