Titre de conférence
14th ICOMOS General Assembly and International Symposium: ‘Place, memory, meaning: preserving intangible values in monuments and sites’
Monuments et sites
Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions, Ghana
Résumé en anglais
Three of the historically most significant forts and castles of Ghana, which were designated as a group of World Heritage properties in 1979 – Cape Coast Castle, St. George’s Castle Elmina, and Fort St. Jago Elmina – were the subject of a major conservation programme executed in the 1990’s under the aegis of the Ghana Government, UNDP and USAID. In architectural terms, the programme can be judged to have achieved its objectives, and the future of these monuments, maintained and managed by their custodians, the Ghana Museums and Monuments Board, appears to be reasonably secure. What had not been anticipated, however, when the initial brief for consultants was drawn up and during the period of project development, was the growing divergence of opinion among stakeholders as to the authenticity of the repair, refurbishment and adaptive re-use of the buildings as community assets and as revenue generators. How are these World Heritage Properties perceived? How should they be presented to the public? As national icons embodying the history of the country’s development, or as memorials to those who suffered the cruelties of the slave trade – or merely as holiday venues? At bottom, there is an irreconcilable conflict about what these buildings mean. The conflicting layers of meaning are examined and analysed, and proposals made for their reconciliation.