Titre de conférence
14th ICOMOS General Assembly and International Symposium: ‘Place, memory, meaning: preserving intangible values in monuments and sites’
Résumé en anglais
Of all monuments, towns posses the greatest intangible value. The reason for this is that in the case of all other monuments human presence is not a must, whereas towns cannot exist without people; what is more: without human societies. The traditions of men and society have an impact on towns. These are the traditional criteria that define the essence of a town, not less important than the natural environment, landscape, town structure or architecture. The difference is enormous between a university town and spa or industrial town, but it is equally distinctive whether it is an ecclesiastic or administrative centre. Furthermore, dominant elements can be professions, commercial traditions (markets) and even typical local food. There are other local customs different from all of the above, e. g. if church bells toll at an unusual time. Monument protection must concern itself with these phenomena and in the same way it must deal with material values. Society is to be initiated in this field especially since these elements are part of their own life. While briefly summarising these elements, this paper substantiates its argument with real-life examples drawn from several towns.