Résumé en anglais
In 1974, Ilha de Moçambique became a heritage site of the State of Mozambique and, in 1991, Ilha de Moçambique, with its lagoon area (buffer zone) and its fortress of São Sebastião, was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List with number 599. But the historical and cultural interest in the Island began before 1974 and, today, the Island is still in the interest and protection of the international community. Direct observations of these sites and the re-examination of historical documents suggest this idea: the possibility of maintaining the island, the fortress and the lagoon area in a happy balance between historical context and geographical context, that is, between the history of the past and the geography of the present. Of this complexity, however, only some aspects relating to water are presented here.